Process cauliflower florets in a blender or food processor until broken into small pieces about the size of rice.
Heat butter in a skillet over medium-high heat; add cauliflower rice, garlic, cumin, coriander, garam masala, turmeric, ginger, cayenne pepper, salt, and black pepper. Cook, stirring occasionally, until cauliflower is softened, about 10 minutes.
Remove skillet from heat and add lime wedges and cilantro.
