Heat oil in a large pan over medium heat. Add bell pepper, onion, and jalapeno pepper. Cook and stir until softened, about 6 minutes. Add garlic, cumin, chili powder, garlic salt, and adobo sauce. Stir until fragrant, about 30 seconds.
Add soy chorizo to the pan and break it up with a wooden spoon until crumbled, about 2 minutes. Add beans, tomatoes, vegetable stock, and sweet potatoes. Reduce heat and simmer until potatoes soften and flavors meld, 45 to 60 minutes.
