Heat oil in a saucepan over medium heat. Add onion, ginger, and jalapeno pepper; cook until onion is translucent, about 5 minutes. Add tomatoes, coriander, turmeric, curry, and garam masala. Cook until fragrant, about 3 minutes. Pour in broth and stir thoroughly. Add cauliflower and chickpeas.
Bring stew to a boil. Cook until cauliflower is tender, about 10 minutes.
